As I have stated before, you need to study it from the basics. Hydrocarbons and alkanes are included in a further unit of chemistry, you can't understand this unit properly if you don't know what compounds are.
And about C4H9Li + H2O → C4H10 + LiOH, let me try to tell it in a basic way:
There is a compound consisting of 4 carbon, 9 hydrogen and 1 lithium atoms and we leak water on it. Water melts (or whatever; any chemical reaction happens) this compound and we have two compounds; a compound of 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen atoms and another one with one lithium, one oxygen, one hydrogen atoms.
Just think it as a mathematical process: The amount of all the atoms are remained. H2O gives a hydrogen atom to that compound and takes the Li atom for giving it.
Sorry if this sounds too complex, but it is the easier I can tell the chemical reactions. You also need to know the chemical bonds, this is one of the basic topics of chemistry.
Don't try to learn organical chemistry before learning this basic topics, or you won't understand anything.
And about C4H9Li + H2O → C4H10 + LiOH, let me try to tell it in a basic way:
There is a compound consisting of 4 carbon, 9 hydrogen and 1 lithium atoms and we leak water on it. Water melts (or whatever; any chemical reaction happens) this compound and we have two compounds; a compound of 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen atoms and another one with one lithium, one oxygen, one hydrogen atoms.
Just think it as a mathematical process: The amount of all the atoms are remained. H2O gives a hydrogen atom to that compound and takes the Li atom for giving it.
Sorry if this sounds too complex, but it is the easier I can tell the chemical reactions. You also need to know the chemical bonds, this is one of the basic topics of chemistry.
Don't try to learn organical chemistry before learning this basic topics, or you won't understand anything.